[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/vytahem-do-vesmiru\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/vytahem-do-vesmiru\/","headline":"V\u00fdtahem do vesm\u00edru?","name":"V\u00fdtahem do vesm\u00edru?","description":"V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b by z technologick\u00e9ho hlediska nem\u011bl b\u00fdt pro \u010dlov\u011bka probl\u00e9m dostat se do vesm\u00edru. Cesty na M\u011bs\u00edc by se rovn\u011b\u017e mohly st\u00e1t b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, v\u017edy\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 ji\u017e o d\u00e1vnou p\u0159ekonanou v\u00fdzvu. Tak pro\u010d se n\u00e1m zd\u00e1, \u017ee se v\u00fdvoj t\u00edmto sm\u011brem jakoby zastavil a ustrnul na mrtv\u00e9m bod\u011b? Odpov\u011b\u010f je relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00e1.
 […]","datePublished":"2020-02-18","dateModified":"2023-05-15","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3c4e99fa9a9806cd5e8fd7cac6ca73ff5bbf5f3ee309e1745415eebd31482909?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3c4e99fa9a9806cd5e8fd7cac6ca73ff5bbf5f3ee309e1745415eebd31482909?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"elimar.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a371004_w3199_t1582625484.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a371004_w3199_t1582625484.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/vytahem-do-vesmiru\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":584,"articleBody":"V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b by z technologick\u00e9ho hlediska nem\u011bl b\u00fdt pro \u010dlov\u011bka probl\u00e9m dostat se do vesm\u00edru. Cesty na M\u011bs\u00edc by se rovn\u011b\u017e mohly st\u00e1t b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, v\u017edy\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 ji\u017e o d\u00e1vnou p\u0159ekonanou v\u00fdzvu. Tak pro\u010d se n\u00e1m zd\u00e1, \u017ee se v\u00fdvoj t\u00edmto sm\u011brem jakoby zastavil a ustrnul na mrtv\u00e9m bod\u011b? Odpov\u011b\u010f je relativn\u011b jednoduch\u00e1.
 Pen\u00edze, politika a gravitace.
 
 Ve sv\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed podstat\u011b jak politika, tak i pen\u00edze tvo\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b spojen\u00e9 n\u00e1doby. Vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 z\u00e1vody SSSR a USA ob\u011b tyto mocnosti finan\u010dn\u011b zcela vy\u010derpaly, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u00e1sledky t\u00e9to orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed hry na hon\u011bnou, poci\u0165uj\u00ed ob\u011b zem\u011b doposud. To byl rovn\u011b\u017e jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj raket a vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch lod\u00ed v USA p\u0159esunul z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti do soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru (Elon Musk). Pomineme-li tedy pen\u00edze a politiku, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1m ve v\u00fd\u0161e citovan\u00e9 skupin\u011b gravitace, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k vesm\u00edrn\u00e9mu pop\u0159. orbit\u00e1ln\u00edmu v\u00fdtahu.
 
 Jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek p\u0159i cest\u00e1ch do vesm\u00edru je gravitace a s n\u00ed spojen\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e1 spot\u0159eba paliva. Rovn\u011b\u017e konstruk\u010dn\u00ed prvky kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt upraveny tak, aby odolaly p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a obrovsk\u00fdm teplotn\u00edm v\u00fdkyv\u016fm, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i n\u00e1vratov\u00fdch sekvenc\u00edch. Nelze se tedy divit, \u017ee lid\u00e9 za\u010dali hledat mo\u017enosti, jak gravitaci neutralizovat pop\u0159. obej\u00edt.
 My\u0161lenku orbit\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdtahu resp. tehdy \u201e vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee\u201c poprv\u00e9 nadnesl r. 1895 p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee rusk\u00fd v\u011bdec a jeden z otc\u016f kosmonautiky Konstantin Ciolkovskij a to ve chv\u00edli kdy poprv\u00e9 spat\u0159il Eiffelovu v\u011b\u017e. Tento jeho post\u0159eh balancuj\u00edc\u00ed na hran\u011b v\u011bdy a rom\u00e1n\u016f Julese Verna nezapadl a \u017eil sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm \u017eivotem a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v obdob\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 hore\u010dky. Podrobn\u011bji se t\u00edmto t\u00e9matem zab\u00fdval nap\u0159\u00edklad Jerom Pearson (1975, Acta astronomica), laick\u00e9 ale i odborn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti pak v\u0161e p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil ve sv\u00e9 sci-fi novele Rajsk\u00e9 font\u00e1ny (1979) spisovatel a v\u011bdec Arthur C. Clarke.
 A co to vlastn\u011b je, ten vesm\u00edrn\u00fd v\u00fdtah?
 Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno by se m\u011blo jednat o dv\u011b stanice (pozemsk\u00e1 a orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed) spojen\u00e9 lanem, po kter\u00e9m by se pohybovaly kabiny pop\u0159. boxy p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed jak materi\u00e1l tak i cestuj\u00edc\u00ed. Pro cel\u00fd projekt stoj\u00edc\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch principech odst\u0159ediv\u00e9 s\u00edly se ust\u00e1lil pojem \u201egravita\u010dn\u00ed bypass\u201c a jeho v\u00fdvoj je c\u00edlem v\u011bdeck\u00fdch studi\u00ed a test\u016f (nap\u0159. NASA, Japonsko).
 Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed komplikac\u00ed pro cel\u00fd proces stavby je ov\u0161em absence dostate\u010dn\u011b pevn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu na v\u00fdrobu lana, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159i d\u00e9lce n\u011bkolika tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f m\u011blo disponovat pot\u0159ebnou nosnost\u00ed-ta\u017enost\u00ed a flexibilitou a z pozemsk\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka nadlimitn\u00ed tr\u017eenou d\u00e9lkou. Jistou nad\u011bj\u00ed v tomto ohledu jsou nov\u011b objevovan\u00e9 a zdokonalovan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. Hovo\u0159\u00edme zde t\u0159eba o kevlarov\u00fdch, diamantov\u00fdch a uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch nanovl\u00e1knech, kdy zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b jejich vhodn\u00e1 kombinace by mohla v relativn\u011b brzk\u00e9 budoucnosti tuto v\u00fdzvu p\u0159ekonat.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4\/5 - (9 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"V\u00fdtahem do vesm\u00edru?","item":"https:\/\/www.elimar.cz\/vytahem-do-vesmiru\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]